An offense has 11 players: five offensive linemen, a quarterback, and five “skill” players, usually a mix of running backs, wide receivers and tight ends. At least seven players must line up on the line of scrimmage at the snap.
The positions
| Position | Role | Key skills |
|---|---|---|
| Quarterback (QB) | Takes the snap, hands off, passes, runs the offense | Accuracy, decision-making, leadership |
| Running back (RB) | Carries the ball, catches passes, blocks | Vision, balance, speed |
| Fullback (FB) | Lead blocker, short-yardage runner | Strength, toughness |
| Wide receiver (WR) | Runs routes and catches passes | Speed, route running, hands |
| Tight end (TE) | Blocks on the line and catches passes | Size, blocking, reliable hands |
| Center (C) | Snaps the ball, makes line calls | Intelligence, quickness |
| Guards (G) | Line up beside the center, block and pull | Strength, footwork |
| Tackles (T) | Outside linemen, protect the edges | Length, pass-blocking footwork |
Eligible and ineligible receivers
- Only the players on the ends of the line and those in the backfield are eligible to catch forward passes.
- Interior linemen are ineligible unless they report as eligible to the referee (NFL rules have specific procedures).
Common formations
- I-formation: fullback and running back lined up behind the QB.
- Shotgun: QB several yards behind the center.
- Spread: three to five receivers spread wide.
- Pistol: QB a few yards back with a running back directly behind.
Frequently asked questions
What is the most important offensive position?
The quarterback touches the ball on nearly every play, so it’s usually considered the most important.
How many players must be on the line of scrimmage?
At least seven.
What’s the difference between a tight end and a wide receiver?
Tight ends line up next to the offensive line and block more; receivers line up wide and focus on catching.
